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El corte con oxigas consiste en un grupo de procesos que utilizan la reacción química del oxigeno con un metal base a una temperatura muy elevada. La temperatura necesaria se mantiene a través de una llama, que se obtiene de la combustión entre un gas combustible (propano, gas natural, propileno y acetileno) y oxigeno puro.
El término "oxigas" se refiere a la combinación que se utiliza en la antorcha para cortar metales. Este proceso es posible debido a la reacción exotérmica causada por la oxidación del hierro en presencia del oxigeno.
¿Cómo es el proceso?
El proceso del oxigas está compuesto por dos etapas: primero, el metal se calienta a altas temperaturas (900°C) con la llama producida por el oxigeno y el gas combustible; después, se remueven los óxidos del metal. Este proceso utiliza un gas combustible, que hace que la llama caliente el material, mientras que el gas de combustión siempre utiliza oxigeno para producir la oxidación necesaria para el proceso de corte.
¿Cuáles son las ventajas?
Permite la creación de partes a precios muy atractivos.
¿En qué materiales puede utilizarse?
Solamente en metales cuyos óxidos tengan un punto de fusión al del metal base.
¿En qué materiales no puede utilizarse?
Aluminio, aleaciones de níquel y acero inoxidable debido a que no tienen suficiente carbono.
Para la selección del gas combustible se tienen en cuenta la temperatura de la llama, el consumo de gas combustible a oxigeno y la temperatura de combustión
